Saturday, January 31, 2015

04 Connecting amplifier to computer

In the previous post, we connected the turntable to the amplifier (in my case, a boombox). Now we connect the amplifier to the computer, again using the standard audio cables, but with a slight modification, as the computer input socket is a single one carrying both the channels. So the connector cable has two prongs on the boom-box audio out end like this (the left side pair, the left and right channels are colour coded by a ring of colour, this being a more sophisticated, up-to-date 24-carat gold-plated version).

On the computer end, the sockets are coded pink for line-in, green for ear-phones or speaker audio out, and mine has a blue one which was used to connect a woofer.

The connector ends of the cable are as shown below; at the boom-box end, the usual red and white RCA standard prongs (jacks); the yellow third prong is for video signal, and not used here, and mark the gold coatings!

And at the computer end, both channels are fused into one black-coloured jack with a single prong that has two segments (the yellow prong is again for video).
The black jack (my packaging calls it a 3.5mm stereo male jack, and it happens to be grey with a blue band as befits a 24k gold thing, not black!) is then pushed into the pink socket on the computer as shown here (the green jack next to it is for the computer’s speakers).
Now the computer can receive the audio stereo input, and if you have also opened the Audacity package and started recording, you will see the sound-waves depicted in the following classical fashion (which is why the audio files have a .wav extension!).
You can have a closer look at this screen, which will be explained in the next post, but meanwhile here’s a picture of the whole set-up. One feature about my experience in getting this set up was the realisation that my laptop’s line-in (mic in) socket doesn’t seem to be working, so I have been forced to use the desk-top. The boombox also works with tapes, which is a relief, as a bigger music system I used earlier was resulting in a lot of clipping of the sound waves (apparently some hardware problem, in either the music system or the laptop). Another point is that an older turntable (a Garrard) apparently gives such a weak output that it’s unusable. Perhaps the current turntable has a certain amount of pre-amplification built in; I am not very sure.

Here’s the whole set-up.  And yes, the Violin Concerto is absolutely the first to get the treatment!

03 Connecting turntable to amplifier

Turntables can come with their own built-in amplifiers, or without. The amplifier is required because at the time of recording, when the grooves are cut, the lower notes are reduced in amplitude to reduce the width of the grooves, according to a standard equalizer algorithm, and this has to be reversed at the time of playback (I’m not an engineer, so you will have to read about it elsewhere (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramophone_record is as good a place to start as any!). History of equalization is here http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gramophone_record&action=edit&section=32),

My turntable comes with speeds of 33, 45 and 78 rpm (revolutions per minute), which suits a wide range of gramophone discs (records), the favourite being of course the 33 (or more precisely, 331/3) LP (long-playing) discs, or vinyls (after the material used). The turntable has to be hooked up to the amplifier, which in my setup is a portable boom-box (which can be termed the receiver, as it receives the output from the turntable). Both the turntable and the receiver (the boombox) have the sockets required to insert the ends of the standard audio cables required. Many systems may not have these, or may use other types of sockets, which may call for adapters to connect the standard cables, so you may have to do a little mix-n-match to get it all set up! The sockets on the back of the receiver are colour-coded red and white to distinguish the right and left channels of the stereo output. 

The receiver has two pairs, for audio input (on the right) and output (on the left); more sophisticated integrated all-in-one systems may have further options for a MIDI device, video output, mp3, and so on.


The back of my turntable has only two sockets, and not colour-coded, for audio out.

Operation of your turntable must be familiar to you (you’re an audiophile, after all!), so all that’s left is to connect the two audio cables, for each of the stereo channels, from the back of the turntable to the ‘audio in’ sockets at the back of the receiver (amplifier or audio system). The cables, available at any electronics store, are called a ‘portable audio cable’ on my package, and the end of each is provided with a standard ‘RCA Male’ prong (red and white coded, and stuck together to stop you from going mad with all the tangling).

The other ends go into the receiver (the right-side pair back of my boombox, red and white).

The boombox (or music system or whatever you are using) has to have its ‘function’ or similar selector switched to audio input, usually labelled ‘AUX’ (for ‘auxiliary’, i.e. additional, attached, unit), or ‘PHONO’ (for gramophone), or something similar. Now if you play the turntable (obviously putting an LP on it, setting the appropriate speed, and turning it on and dropping the needle on to it the usual way), you should be able to hear it on the receiver.

Next is to connect the receiver to the line-in socket of your computer, the subject of the next post.

02 Digitizing records – the basics, and Audacity program

You will need a turntable (record player) to play the record, a music system or amplifier to output sound, and a computer or laptop to input the sound into a program that can record it in digital format and save as it as a computer file. You will need the appropriate audio cable (wires) to connect the turntable to the music system or amplifier, and the amplifier to the computer. You will need to have the software program loaded on the computer and running to record the sound. These are the minimum tools. A cat is optional, but highly recommended (you need someone to blame, and it’s not a good idea assigning that role to the spouse,  siblings, or parents).
Let’s deal with the software first, because without it you may not be able to record the sound. In my experience, there is no need to look beyond Audacity, a free-ware program that does pretty much everything you could think of (at least as far as I am concerned!), and then some. Just go to the site http://audacity.sourceforge.net/ and browse… the latest version for download is Audacity 2.0.6, released September 2014. It has downloads http://audacity.sourceforge.net/download/ for Windows (2000/XP/Vista/ Windows 7/Windows 8), Mac (Universal Binary for Mac OS X 10.4 to 10.9.x) and source code (for GNU/Linux). The best thing about it is not just that it’s free and open-source, but that it has such a delightful use interface and menu system. While you’re at it, download the LAME mp3 encoding library, http://manual.audacityteam.org/help/manual/man/faq_installation_and_plug_ins.html#lame

so that you can seamlessly output to mp3 files (other formats are also available).


So the first thing to do is to download this program and install it, browse the website, and play around with it.